Abstract In Amazonas, family farming uses the environmental system for subsistence, with its production destined primarily for self-consumption and the surplus destined for sale. Considering the peculiarities of the distinguishing features of the region and the characteristics of family farmers, the use of technologies could probably expand agricultural products sold on the market. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability of family agroecosystems of pineapple producers in Novo Remanso, AM, Brazil, through the technologies used. Semi-structured forms were applied through interviews with 30 farmers associated with the Cooperativa Agropecuária de Novo Remanso [COOPANORE]. The analyzed components were the use of machines, equipment, and tools; selection of seedlings; fertilizing; planting; cultivation treatments; and harvest/post-harvest technologies. The technological index was determined individually for each technology and together, and the closer to the recommended technology, the better the technological level. The farmers interviewed use more than 50% of the recommended technologies, representing standard B, except for seedling selection and harvest/post-harvest technologies, which presented level C. Even with the increase in production, the use of technologic did not solve the problem of pineapple commercialization, showing that technologies need to be accompanied by organizational factors related to production.

Resumo No Amazonas, a agricultura familiar usa o sistema ambiental para a manutenção da vida, sendo sua produção destinada, prioritariamente, ao autoconsumo; e o excedente é destinado à comercialização. Considerando as peculiaridades da região e as características dos agricultores familiares, pressupõe-se que com a utilização de tecnologias é possível ampliar a inserção dos produtos no mercado. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas familiares, de produtores de abacaxi de Novo Remanso/AM, mediante as tecnologias utilizadas. Para tanto, foram aplicados formulários semiestruturados, por meio de entrevistas a 30 agricultores associados à Cooperativa Agropecuária de Novo Remanso [COOPANORE]. Os componentes analisados foram: uso de máquinas, implementos e ferramentas; seleção de mudas; adubação; plantio; tratos culturais e colheita/pós-colheita. O índice tecnológico foi determinado individualmente para cada tecnologia e em conjunto, sendo que quanto mais próximo da tecnologia recomendada, melhor o nível tecnológico. Foi verificado que os agricultores utilizam mais de 50% das tecnologias recomendadas, representando padrão B, exceto as tecnologias seleção de mudas e colheita/pós-colheita, que apresentaram padrão C. Mesmo com o aumento da produção, a inserção tecnológica não resolveu o problema da comercialização do abacaxi, evidenciando que as tecnologias precisam vir acompanhadas de fatores organizacionais relativos à produção.

ABSTRACT. Macrobrachium amazonicum is a species of freshwater shrimp of great importance for aquaculture and to know its reproductive potential, through the study of its fertility is necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of two different diets on the reproductive performance of the species, whether or not adopting the ablation procedure. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with two types of feed (inert and fresh) and two conditions (ablated and non-ablated females), using six replicates per treatment. After 10 days of spawning, the eggs were removed and counted in their entirety. For each female, three spawns were obtained, totaling 72 samples. The fertility rate, the interval between spawning and the weight gain of the females were analyzed. There was no interaction between the studied factors, except for weight gain, in which ablated females that received fresh feed gained up to three times more weight than non-ablated females. Females that received fresh feed obtained higher fertility (1,373.9 eggs) than those that received only inert feed (1,084.1 eggs). The interval between spawns was 1.6 days shorter in ablated females.

ABSTRACT. For decades, researches were developed about the diversity of fishes in the Amazon basin and their consumption by the people. In this context, an important gap identified was a lack of information about the nutritional composition of some of the main Amazon fish species consumed and traded. Front this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and mineral content of filets from 10 fish species with the highest landing volume in Amazonas State. The fish species selected were curimatã, jaraqui, mapará, matrinxã, pacu, piramutaba, sardinha, surubim, tambaqui and tucunaré. Were collected 20 samples (fishes) from each species according to the hydrological cycles of the region (20 samples in the flood and 20 samples in drought). Ten fish samples were processed to determine the proximal composition and 10 fish samples were used to determine mineral content (macro and micro minerals). The proximal composition of fish species analysed varied widely between species and seasons, with an emphasis on moisture and lipid content. Fishes in the flood season presented higher content of nutrients than drought season. This result also was observed in the minerals profile, where fishes in the flood season presented the highest (p < 0.05) minerals content.

Resumo A aplicação de biotecnologias na reprodução animal tem possibilitado produzir formas jovens em quantidade e qualidade. O aumento da quantidade de gametas viáveis produzidos pelos reprodutores, mediante uma dieta ideal, entre outros fatores, pode garantir uma maior produção. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito de três dietas quanto à sobrevivência espermática de Macrobrachium acanthurus. Para tanto, 24 machos de M. acanthurus foram utilizados, sendo distribuídos ao acaso e de forma igual entre os tratamentos. As dietas foram compostas por 100% de alimento fresco (músculo de peixe e lula - 14% de proteína), 100% de alimento seco (ração comercial - 50% de proteína) e uma mescla dessas dietas contendo 30% de proteína. Os espermatóforos foram extraídos por eletroestimulação a cada 15 dias, sendo o controle aqueles obtidos diretamente da natureza. Não houve diferença significativa entre as dietas quando comparado os pesos dos camarões e dos espermatóforos. A alimentação 100% fresca proporcionou o melhor desempenho para a sobrevivência espermática.

Abstract The application of biotechnology in animal reproduction has enabled the production of young forms in both quantity and quality. Increasing the number of viable gametes produced by reproducers, among other factors, through an ideal diet, can ensure higher production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of three diets on the sperm survival of Macrobrachium acanthurus. To this end, 24 M. acanthurus males were used, distributed randomly and equally among treatments. Their diets were composed of 100% fresh food (fish and squid muscle - 14% protein), 100% dry feed (commercial feed - 50% protein) and a mixture of these diets containing 30% protein. Spermatophores were extracted through electrical stimulation every 15 days, and the controls consisted of spermatophores obtained directly from nature. No significant difference between diets was observed comparing shrimp and spermatophore weights. The 100% fresh diet provided the best sperm survival performance.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar uma nova espécie para a criação em cativeiro na região amazônica, visando atender não somente a demanda do mercado local, mas os anseios de um mercado consumidor ávido por novos produtos de qualidade. Para tanto, foi utilizado como ponto de partida o banco de dados do Projeto Manejo dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis de 2001 a 2004. Fazendo uma ligação destes dados com os obtidos junto ao Núcleo de Recursos Pesqueiros do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis e da Secretaria Especial de Aqüicultura e Pesca da Presidência da República/AM, possibilitou-se identificar o aruanã Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (Vandelli, 1829) como um pescado com potencial para a criação em cativeiro. Foram analisados ainda os valores de mercado e realizadas análises da composição centesimal e do rendimento de carcaça, que creditaram ao aruanã uma carne magra (0,08% de gordura) e protéica (15,19%), com um rendimento de 29,15 ± 1,48% de filé.

The present work had as objective to identify a new species for creation in captivity in the Amazon region, aiming not only the demand of the local market, but also a consuming market interested in new products and with quality. It was used as starting point the data base of the Projeto Manejo dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis of 2001 the 2004. Making a link of this data with the Nucleus of Resources the Fishing of the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and the Natural resources and the Special Secretariat of Aqüicultura and Fishing of the Presidency of the Republic/AM database, it was made possible to identify the arawana Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (Vandelli, 1829) as a fish with potential for the creation in captivity. Market values were analyzed and carried through analyses of the centesimal composition and the income of carcass, that they had credited the arawana a lean meat (0,08% of fat) and proteic (15,19%), with an meat yield of 29,15 ± 1,48% of filet.